§ 23-3. Definitions.

The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this chapter, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:

Adequate sod, or self-sustaining vegetative cover means maintenance of sufficient vegetation types and densities such that the physical integrity of the streambank or lakeshore is preserved. Self-sustaining vegetative cover includes grasses, forbs, sedges and duff layers of fallen leaves and woody debris.

Administering authority means a governmental employee, or a regional planning commission empowered under Wis. Stats. § 60.627, that is designated by the town board to administer this chapter.

Agricultural facilities and practices has the meaning given in Wis. Stats. § 281.16(1).

Atlas 14 means the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the United States, Volume 8 (Midwestern States), published in 2013.

Average annual rainfall means a typical calendar year of precipitation as determined by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for users of models such as WinSLAMM, P8 or equivalent methodology. The average annual rainfall is chosen from a department publication for the location closest to the municipality.

Best management practice or BMP means structural or non-structural measures, practices, techniques or devices employed to avoid or minimize soil, sediment or pollutants carried in runoff to waters of the state.

Business day means a day the office of the town engineer is routinely and customarily open for business.

Cease-and-desist order means a court-issued order to halt land disturbing construction activity that is being conducted without the required permit or in violation of a permit issued by the town engineer.

Combined sewer system means a system for conveying both sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff.

Connected imperviousness means an impervious surface connected to the waters of the state via a separate storm sewer, an impervious flow path, or a minimally pervious flow path.

Construction site means an area upon which one or more land disturbing construction activities occur, including areas that are part of a larger common plan of development or sale where multiple separate and distinct land disturbing construction activities may be taking place at different times on different schedules but under one plan. A long-range planning document that describes separate construction projects, such as a 20-year transportation improvement plan, is not a common plan of development.

Design storm means a hypothetical discrete rainstorm characterized by a specific duration, temporal distribution, rainfall intensity, return frequency and total depth of rainfall.

Development means residential, commercial, industrial or institutional land uses and associated roads.

Direct conduits to groundwater means wells, sinkholes, swallets, fractured bedrock at the surface, mine shafts, non-metallic mines, tile inlets discharging to groundwater, quarries, or depressional groundwater recharge areas over shallow fractured bedrock.

Division of land means the creation from one parcel of two or more parcels or building sites of one or fewer acres each in area where such creation occurs at one time or through the successive partition within a five-year period.

Effective infiltration area means the area of the infiltration system that is used to infiltrate runoff and does not include the area used for site access, berms or pretreatment.

Erosion means the process by which the land's surface is worn away by the action of wind, water, ice or gravity.

Erosion and sediment control plan means a comprehensive plan developed to address pollution caused by erosion and sedimentation of soil particles or rock fragments during construction.

Exceptional resource waters means waters listed in § NR 102.11, Wis. Adm. Code.

Extraterritorial means the unincorporated area within three miles of the corporate limits of a first, second, or third class city, or within one and a half miles of a fourth class city or town.

Filtering layer means soil that has at least a three-foot deep layer with at least 20 percent fines; or at least a five-foot deep layer with at least ten percent fines; or an engineered soil with an equivalent level of protection as determined by the regulatory authority for the site.

Final stabilization means that all land disturbing construction activities at the construction site have been completed and that a uniform perennial vegetative cover has been established with a density of at least 70 percent of the cover for the unpaved areas and areas not covered by permanent structures or that employ equivalent permanent stabilization measures.

Financial guarantee means a performance bond, maintenance bond, surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit, or similar guarantees submitted to the Town of Ixonia by the responsible party to assure that requirements of the ordinance are carried out in compliance with the stormwater management plan.

Governing body means the town board of trustees.

Illicit connection means any drain or conveyance, whether on the surface or subsurface, which allows an illegal discharge to enter the storm drain system including but not limited to any conveyances which allow any non-stormwater discharge including sewage, process wastewater, and wash water to enter the storm drain system and any connections to the storm drain system from indoor drains and sinks, regardless of whether said drain or connection had been allowed, permitted, or approved by a government agency, prior to the adoption of the ordinance from which this chapter is derived.

Impervious surface means an area that releases as runoff all or a large portion of the precipitation that falls on it, except for frozen soil. Rooftops, sidewalks, driveways, gravel or paved parking lots and streets are examples of areas that typically are impervious.

In-fill means an undeveloped area of land located within an existing urban sewer service area, surrounded by development or development and natural or man-made features where development cannot occur.

Infiltration means the entry of precipitation or runoff into or through the soil.

Infiltration system means a device or practice such as a basin, trench, rain garden or swale designed specifically to encourage infiltration, but does not include natural infiltration in pervious surfaces such as lawns, redirecting of rooftop downspouts onto lawns or minimal infiltration from practices, such as swales or road side channels designed for conveyance and pollutant removal only.

Land disturbing construction activity means any man-made alteration of the land surface resulting in a change in the topography or existing vegetative or non-vegetative soil cover, that may result in runoff and lead to an increase in soil erosion and movement of sediment into waters of the state. Land disturbing construction activity includes clearing and grubbing, demolition, excavating, pit trench dewatering, filling and grading activities.

Landowner means any person holding fee title, an easement or other interest in property, which allows the person to undertake cropping, livestock management, land disturbing construction activity, or maintenance of stormwater BMPs on the property.

Maintenance agreement means a legal document that provides for long-term maintenance of stormwater management practices.

Maximum extent practicable means the highest level of performance that is achievable but is not equivalent to a performance standard identified in this chapter as determined in accordance with section 23-4 of this chapter.

New development means development resulting from the conversion of previously undeveloped land or agricultural land uses.

NRCS MSE3 or MSE4 distribution means a specific precipitation distribution developed by the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, using precipitation data from Atlas 14.

Off-site means located outside the property boundary described in the permit application.

On-site means located within the property boundary described in the permit application.

Ordinary high-water mark has the meaning given in § NR 115.03 (6), Wis. Adm. Code.

Outstanding resource waters means waters listed in § NR 102.10, Wis. Adm. Code.

Percent fines means the percentage of a given sample of soil, which passes through a #200 sieve.

Performance standard means a narrative or measurable number specifying the minimum acceptable outcome for a facility or practice.

Permit means a written authorization made by the Town of Ixonia to the applicant to conduct land disturbing construction activity or to discharge post-construction runoff to waters of the state.

Permit administration fee means a sum of money paid to the Town of Ixonia by the permit applicant for the purpose of recouping the expenses incurred by the authority in administering the permit.

Person means any individual, association, organization, partnership, firm, corporation, or other entity recognized by law and acting as either the owner or as the owner's agent.

Pervious surface means an area that releases as runoff a small portion of the precipitation that falls on it. Lawns, gardens, parks, forests or other similar vegetated areas are examples of surfaces that typically are pervious.

Pollutant has the meaning given in Wis. Stats. § 283.01(13).

Pollution has the meaning given in Wis. Stats. § 281.01(10).

Post-construction site means a construction site following the completion of land disturbing construction activity and final site stabilization.

Pre-development condition means the extent and distribution of land cover types present before the initiation of land disturbing construction activity, assuming that all land uses prior to development activity are managed in an environmentally sound manner.

Preventive action limit has the meaning given in § NR 140.05 (17), Wis. Adm. Code.

Protective area means an area of land that commences at the top of the channel of lakes, streams and rivers, or at the delineated boundary of wetlands, and that is the greatest of the following widths, as measured horizontally from the top of the channel or delineated wetland boundary to the closest impervious surface.

Redevelopment means areas where development is replacing older development.

Responsible party means the landowner or any other entity performing services to meet the requirements of this chapter through a contract or other agreement.

Runoff means stormwater or precipitation including rain, snow or ice melt or similar water that moves on the land surface via sheet or channelized flow.

Sediment means settleable solid material that is transported by runoff, suspended within runoff or deposited by runoff away from its original location.

Separate storm sewer means a conveyance or system of conveyances including roads with drainage systems, streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, constructed channels or storm drains, which meets all of the following criteria:

(1)

Is designed or used for collecting water or conveying runoff.

(2)

Is not part of a combined sewer system.

(3)

Is not part of a publicly owned wastewater treatment works that provides secondary or more stringent treatment.

(4)

Discharges directly or indirectly to waters of the state.

Silviculture activity means activities including tree nursery operations, tree harvesting operations, reforestation, tree thinning, prescribed burning, and pest and fire control. Clearing and grubbing of an area of a construction site is not a silviculture activity.

Site means the entire area included in the legal description of the land on which the land disturbing construction activity is proposed or occurred.

Stop work order means an order issued by the Town of Ixonia which requires that all construction activity on the site be stopped.

Storm drainage system means any publicly-owned facilities by which stormwater is collected and/or conveyed, including but not limited to any roads with drainage systems, municipal streets, gutters, curbs, inlets, piped storm drains, pumping facilities, retention and detention basins, natural and human-made or altered drainage channels, reservoirs, and other drainage structures.

Stormwater management plan means a comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of pollutants from stormwater, after the site has under gone final stabilization, following completion of the construction activity.

Stormwater management system plan is a comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of runoff and pollutants from hydrologic units on a regional or municipal scale.

Technical standard means a document that specifies design, predicted performance and operation and maintenance specifications for a material, device or method.

Top of the channel means an edge, or point on the landscape landward from the ordinary high-water mark of a surface water of the state, where the slope of the land begins to be less than 12 percent continually for at least 50 feet. If the slope of the land is 12 percent or less continually for the initial 50 feet landward from the ordinary high-water mark, the top of the channel is the ordinary high-water mark.

Total maximum daily load or TMDL means the amount of pollutants specified as a function of one or more water quality parameters, that can be discharged per day into a water quality limited segment and still ensure attainment of the applicable water quality standard.

TP-40 means Technical Paper No. 40, Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the United States, published in 1961.

TR-55 means the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (previously Soil Conservation Service), Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds, Second Edition, Technical Release 55, June 1986, which is incorporated by reference for this chapter.

Transportation facility means a highway, a railroad, a public mass transit facility, a public-use airport, a public trail or any other public work for transportation purposes such as harbor improvements under Wis. Stats. § 85.095(1)(b). "Transportation facility" does not include building sites for the construction of public buildings and buildings that are places of employment that are regulated by the department pursuant to Wis. Stats. § 281.33.

TSS means total suspended solids.

Type II distribution means a rainfall type curve as established in the "United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Technical Paper 149, published in 1973".

Waters of the state includes those portions of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior within the boundaries of this state, and all lakes, bays, rivers, streams, springs, ponds, wells, impounding reservoirs, marshes, watercourses, drainage systems and other surface water or groundwater, natural or artificial, public or private, within this state or its jurisdiction.

(Ord. No. 2017-01, 3-13-2017)